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Prospec/FGF 21 Human/Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Human Recombinant/25µg/CYT-474-25µg

Cataloguenumber
CYT-474
Synonyms
Introduction
TheFGFsareafamilyofmorethan20small(~17–26kDa)secretedpeptides.TheinitialcharacterizationoftheseproteinsfocusedontheirABIlitytostimulatefibroblastproliferation.ThismitogenicactivitywasmediatedthroughFGFreceptors(FGFRs)1,2,or3.Afourthcloselyrelatedtyrosinekinasereceptor(FGFR4)wasabletobindtheFGFsbutdidnotleadtoamitogenicresponse.FGFsmodulatecellularactivityviaatleast5distinctsubfamiliesofhigh-affinityFGFreceptors(FGFRs):FGFR-1,-2,-3,and-4,allwithintrinsictyrosinekinaseactivityand,exceptforFGFR-4,multiplespliceisoforms,andFGFR-5,whichlacksanintracellularkinasedomain.ThereisgrowingevidencethatFGFRscanbeimportantforregulationofglucoseandlipidhomeostasis.TheoverexpressionofadominantnegativeformofFGFR-1incellsleadstodiabetesinmice,whichthusimpliesthatproperFGFsignalingisrequiredfornormalcellfunctionandglycemiamaintenance.FGFR-2appearstobeakeymoleculeduringpancreaticdevelopment.Moreover,FGFR-4hasbeenimplicatedincholesterolmetabolismandbileacidsynthesis.FGF-19,hasbeenshowntocauseresistancetodiet-inducedobesityanddesensitizationandtoimproveglucoseandlipidprofilesindiabeticrodents.Sincetheseeffects,atleastinpart,aremediatedthroughtheobservedchangesinmetabolicrates,FGF-19canbeconsideredasaregulatorofenergyexpenditure.FGF-21ispreferentiallyexpressedinliver,butanexactknowledgeofFGF-21bioactivityanditsmodeofactionhavebeenlackingtodate.FGF-21isapotentactivatorofglucoseuptakeonADIpocytes,protectsanimalsfromdiet-inducedobesitywhenoverexpressedintransgenicmice,andlowersbloodglucoseandtriglyceridelevelswhentherapeuticallyadmiNISTeredtodiabeticrodents.
Description
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BIOLOGicalActivity
TheED50asdeterminedbythedosedependentstimulationoftheproliferationofBAF3cellsexpressingFGFreceptorsis0.06-0.4µg/mlinthepresenceofbetaKlotho.
References
Title:FibroblastGrowthFactor21ActionintheBrainIncreasesEnergyExpenditureandSensitivityinObeseRatsPublication:Diabetes59.7(2010):1817-1824.Link:http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/59/7/1817.full
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